Although paradoxes are inherent to the public sector, few attempts have been made to better understand how to manage such competing yet interrelated demands effectively. This study examines how paradoxical leadership (i.e., leaders’ sense-giving …
Self-reported measures of leadership are widely used in public management research, but nonresponse bias poses a threat to the validity of these data. Although this measurement problem is acknowledged, it has received limited empirical attention …
Tummers and Knies (2016) have recently introduced a 21-item scale for the measurement of public leadership to the burgeoning field of leadership research in public administration. However, due to restrictions in survey length and response time, …